298 TANAGRIDiE. allied. The general colour of the plumage is the same and the difference between the sexes slight. In this respect they resemble Orthogonys viridis of Brazil; but the bill is much stouter and the cutting-edge of the maxiUa is convex in the middle, forming almost a dental process; the terminal notch is very distinct. In Orthogonys the bill is much more slender and the commissure of the maxilla is simply curved without a trace of a median dental process. In coloration both species of Chlorothraupis have a great resemblance to Orthogonys viridis. The bill of Chlorothraupis differs from that of Phcenicothraupis in being rather more compressed, otherwise th'e shape is very similar. But the great difference between the two is in the coloration of the plumage, olive-green being the prevalent colour in Chlorothraupis, whilst different shades of red distinguish the males of Phcenicothraupis, and of brown or ochraceous brown the females. The males, too, are all ornamented with a scarlet crest. The range of Chlorothraupis is confined entirely to Western America from Peru to Nicaragua ; C. carmioli being found at each end of this area, whUst C. olivacea occupies the middle region from Panama to Ecuador. 1. Chlorothraupis olivacea. Orthogonys olivaceus, Cassin, Pr. Ac. Phil. 1860, p. 140'; 1864, p. 287, t. 2'; Scl. & Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 502'.Olivaceo-viridis, subtus dilutior, oculorum ambitu et loris superioribus flavis, gutture et subalaribus flavo variegatis; rostro et pedibus plumbeo-nigrescentibus. Long, tota 6-5, alae 3-7, caudae 2-7, rostri a rictu 0-8, tarsi 0'9. (Descr. maris ex Remedios, Colombia. Mus. nostr.) 2 mari simUis sed flavo nnUo modo ornata, corpore subtus in medio et subalaribus fulvescentibus. (Descr. feminae ex Puente de Chiarvo, Ecuador occ. Mus. H. von Berlepsch.) Hab. Panama, valley of the Truando (PFbotZi).—Colombia 3; Ecuador. Of this little-known species the first specimen was obtained by the Messrs. Wood, whowere attached to the United States Expedition, sent under Lieut. Michler to explorethe Isthmus of Darien. Cassin described and figured it in his papers relating to the birds obtained during the survey that was then made, under the name of Orthogonysolivaceus. Mr. C. J. Wood states that the bird inhabits low trees and bushes in the CordU¬lera ; on the Rio Truando it could be constantly heard at some localities, though not soeasily seen. Its notes, he adds, are loud and much varied, bearing a general resemblanceto those of the Chat of North America (Icteria viridis). It appeared to be very activeand lively, constantly flying about the bushes and changing its position. Nothing morewas heard of this species untU the late Mr. T. K. Salmon obtained specimens fromRemedios and Nechi in the Colombian State of Antioquia; but the only note he madeconcerning it was that it feeds on fruit, and that the iris is dark 3. Since then we have received a specimen which was contained in a collection made in the neighbourhood of Pasto; and quite recentiy Count von Berlepsch has submitted to us a bird from